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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
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Modulation-free laser stabilization technique using integrated cavity-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Mohamad Hossein Idjadi1, Kwangwoong Kim2, Nicolas K Fontaine2

  • 1Nokia Bell Labs, 600 Mountain Ave, Murray Hill, NJ, 07974, USA. mohamad.idjadi@nokia-bell-labs.com.

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|March 1, 2024
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Summary

We developed a modulation-free laser stabilization system using an integrated photonic chip. This novel approach simplifies complex systems and significantly reduces laser frequency noise for precision applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Engineering
  • Laser Physics

Background:

  • Precision optical systems rely on stable lasers, often stabilized using techniques like Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH).
  • Existing PDH systems face trade-offs between complexity, scalability, and noise sensitivity.
  • There is a need for simpler, more scalable, and highly sensitive laser stabilization methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel modulation-free laser stabilization method.
  • To simplify laser frequency stabilization architectures and enable miniaturization.
  • To achieve high sensitivity comparable to PDH systems without modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an integrated cavity-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer as a frequency noise discriminator.
  • Implemented a passive photonic chip on a silicon-on-insulator platform.
  • Employed an on-chip silicon microresonator with a quality factor of 2.5 × 10^6 for noise suppression.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a modulation-free laser stabilization technique.
  • Achieved a 4 orders-of-magnitude suppression of semiconductor laser frequency noise.
  • The implemented photonic chip has a small footprint (0.456 mm^2).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed modulation-free method simplifies laser stabilization and facilitates integration onto photonic platforms.
  • This approach maintains high sensitivity without the complexity of modulation.
  • The demonstrated technology offers a pathway to compact and robust laser frequency stabilization for precision systems.