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Habitat Fragmentation

Habitat Fragmentation

Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.

Migration

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM

Published on: October 11, 2016

Bridging the gap between movement data and connectivity analysis using the Time-Explicit Habitat Selection (TEHS)

Denis Valle¹, Nina Attias^2,3, Joshua A Cullen⁴

¹School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. drvalle@ufl.edu.

Movement Ecology

|March 1, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new Time-Explicit Habitat Selection (TEHS) model helps understand species movement in fragmented landscapes. It reveals how time of day and habitat features influence giant anteater paths, improving connectivity analysis.

Keywords:

Connectivity analysis Giant anteater Landscape resistance Landscape use Movement ecology Step selection Wildlife corridors

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM

Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM

Published on: October 11, 2016

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study

Published on: February 25, 2013

Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework

Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework

Published on: July 24, 2016

Area of Science:

Ecology
Conservation Biology
Spatial Analysis

Background:

Habitat fragmentation due to human activities necessitates understanding species movement for conservation.
Accurate connectivity analysis relies on landscape resistance measures, but consensus on calculation is lacking.
This ambiguity can lead to disparate outcomes in predicting species dispersal routes and corridors.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel Time-Explicit Habitat Selection (TEHS) model for landscape connectivity analysis.
To decompose movement into time and habitat selection components for a principled understanding of space use.
To apply the TEHS model to GPS-tracking data of giant anteaters in Brazil's Pantanal.

Main Methods:

Developed the TEHS model, separating movement into time-traversal and habitat-selection drivers.
Analyzed GPS tracking data from giant anteaters to parameterize the TEHS model.
Utilized a spatial absorbing Markov chain framework to simulate movement and connectivity.

Main Results:

Giant anteaters exhibit crepuscular/nocturnal movement patterns, with fastest travel between 8 p.m. and 5 a.m.
Movement speed varied significantly across habitats: faster in wetlands, slower in forests and savannas compared to grasslands.
Wetlands were avoided, while forests and savannas were selected, with forest selection increasing with temperature, indicating a thermal refuge function.
Connectivity simulations showed giant anteaters deviate from shortest paths due to habitat avoidance.

Conclusions:

The TEHS model effectively characterizes landscape feature perception by individuals by separating movement into temporal and selection components.
This framework integrates movement data with connectivity analysis, enabling time-explicit connectivity predictions.
The approach provides a more nuanced understanding of species movement in fragmented landscapes, crucial for effective conservation planning.