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Area of Science:

  • Quantum many-body physics
  • Atomic physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Probing ergodicity breaking in quantum systems is difficult due to dissipation damaging quantum coherence.
  • Rydberg atoms offer a platform to study exotic phases and non-ergodic dynamics, where interactions can overcome dissipation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate ergodicity breaking dynamics in driven-dissipative Rydberg atomic gases.
  • To identify the features and underlying mechanisms of broken ergodicity in these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Rydberg atoms in a driven-dissipative setup.
  • Observing dynamics at room temperature, highlighting the role of strong Rydberg interactions.
  • Experimentally tuning atomic densities to verify collective effects.

Main Results:

  • Experimental evidence of a transition from ergodic to ergodicity-breaking dynamics.
  • Observation of long-time phase oscillations, indicative of broken ergodicity.
  • Attribution of broken ergodicity to Rydberg excitation clusters forming limit cycles and broken symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • Rydberg many-body systems are suitable for probing ergodicity breaking dynamics, including limit cycles.
  • These systems provide a platform for benchmarking nonequilibrium phase transitions.
  • Collective effects in Rydberg systems are crucial for observing broken symmetry and non-ergodic behavior.