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Recent Advances in 4D Printing of Advanced Materials and Structures for Functional Applications
Xue Wan1, Zhongmin Xiao1, Yujia Tian1
1Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|March 5, 2024
Summary
4D printing allows structures to change shape and function over time using external stimuli. This review covers materials, techniques, and applications, highlighting machine learning
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Additive Manufacturing
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- 4D printing enables dynamic changes in printed structures in response to stimuli.
- This technology offers significant potential across fields like medicine, electronics, and robotics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of recent advancements in 4D printing.
- To highlight strategies, materials, stimuli, functionalities, and applications in 4D printing.
- To discuss the role of machine learning in 4D printing.
Main Methods:
- Review of the latest achievements in 4D printing.
- Analysis of various materials and additive manufacturing techniques.
- Exploration of state-of-the-art strategies for 4D-printed structures.
Main Results:
- The review covers diverse materials, additive manufacturing techniques, and stimuli-responsive strategies.
- Key applications in biomedical engineering, electronics, robotics, and photonics are highlighted.
- The integration of machine learning in 4D printing is discussed.
Conclusions:
- 4D printing is a revolutionary technology with vast potential for dynamic reconfiguration.
- Further development requires addressing current challenges and exploring future trends.
- The field is rapidly evolving with significant interdisciplinary implications.
