Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026
Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy
Published on: May 19, 2022
Quantification of surgical workflow during robotic proctectomy
Mishal Gillani1, Manali Rupji2, Courtney L Devin1
1Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Background:
Surgical workflow assessments offer insight regarding procedure variability. We utilised an objective method to evaluate workflow during robotic proctectomy (RP).
Methods:
We annotated 31 RPs and used Spearman's correlation to measure the correlation of step time and step visit frequency with console time (CT) and total operative time (TOT).
Results:
Strong correlations were seen with CT and step times for inferior mesenteric vein dissection and ligation (ρ = 0.60, ρ = 0.60), lateral-to-medial splenic flexure mobilisation (SFM) (ρ = 0.63), left rectal dissection (ρ = 0.64) and mesorectal division (ρ = 0.71). CT correlated strongly with medial-to-lateral (ρ = 0.75) and supracolic SFM visit frequency (ρ = 0.65). TOT correlated strongly with initial exposure time (ρ = 0.60), and medial-to-lateral (ρ = 0.67) and supracolic SFM visit frequency (ρ = 0.65).
Conclusion:
This study correlates surgical steps with CT and TOT through standardised annotation, providing an objective approach to quantify workflow.
