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    Area of Science:

    • Metasurfaces and Nanophotonics
    • Optical Modulators
    • Phase-Change Materials

    Background:

    • Bound states in the continuum (BIC) enable high-quality factor metasurfaces.
    • Quasi-BICs offer sharp spectral features for sensing and modulation.
    • Existing quasi-BICs often suffer from polarization sensitivity due to Cs symmetry.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop polarization-insensitive quasi-BICs in metasurfaces.
    • To investigate Si-VO2 hybrid metasurfaces for efficient optical modulation.
    • To overcome performance degradation caused by polarization deviation in quasi-BIC devices.

    Main Methods:

    • Introducing defects into Cs, C4, and C4v symmetric metasurfaces to create quasi-BICs.
    • Utilizing Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) as a phase-change material for modulation.
    • Performing multipole decomposition and analyzing polarization responses of the metasurfaces.

    Main Results:

    • Metasurfaces with C4 and C4v symmetries demonstrated superior polarization-independent characteristics.
    • Quasi-BICs with strong Fano resonance were achieved in Si-VO2 hybrid metasurfaces.
    • A maximum relative modulation depth of 342% was achieved using polarization-insensitive quasi-BICs.

    Conclusions:

    • Demonstrated efficient modulation using polarization-insensitive quasi-BICs in Si-VO2 hybrid metasurfaces.
    • Achieved identical polarization responses for quasi-BIC-based applications, a first in the field.
    • Paved the way for designing polarization-independent quasi-BICs and advancing tunable integrated devices.