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Related Concept Videos

Projectile Motion01:20

Projectile Motion

15.3K
An object thrown in the air follows a parabolic path under the influence of Earth's gravitational force. The motion of such an object is called projectile motion, and the object itself a projectile. The parabolic path followed by the projectile is called the trajectory. Some common examples of projectile motion are the launching of fireworks, a golf ball in the air, meteors entering the Earth's atmosphere, and the firing of bullets.
When an object falls under gravity and has no...
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Interpreting Run Charts01:25

Interpreting Run Charts

100
Run charts, essentially line graphs plotted over time, serve as fundamental yet effective tools for process analysis. They chronicle data sequentially, facilitating the identification of trends, shifts, or cyclical movements. This graphical representation is instrumental in determining whether a process is stable or exhibits signs of potential instability indicative of special cause variation. In the healthcare domain, run charts depict infection rates over time, enabling hospitals to monitor...
100
Construction of Frequency Distribution01:15

Construction of Frequency Distribution

7.7K
A frequency distribution table can be constructed using the steps given below.
First, make a table with two columns—one with the title of the data that needs to be organized, and the other column for frequency. [Draw a third column for tally marks if needed]. Then, take a look at the items given in the data set and decide if an ungrouped frequency distribution table or a grouped frequency distribution table would be more suitable. If there are large sets of different values, then it is...
7.7K
Projectile Motion: Example01:18

Projectile Motion: Example

9.7K
The theory of projectile motion is very useful for players of several sports to improve their performance. For example, a javelin thrower needs to throw their javelin in such a way that it travels as far as possible. The javelin thrower takes a short run-up to increase the initial speed of the javelin. The range of a projectile is at its maximum at a 45° angle so javelin throwers try to angle their throw as close to 45° as possible.
When we speak of the range (R) of a projectile on...
9.7K
Percentage Frequency Distribution00:57

Percentage Frequency Distribution

58.0K
A percentage frequency distribution, in general, is a display of data that indicates the percentage of observations for each data point or grouping of data points. It is a commonly used method for expressing the relative frequency of survey responses and other data. The percentage frequency distributions are often displayed as bar graphs, pie charts, or tables.
The process of making a percentage frequency distribution involves the following few steps: note the total number of observations;...
58.0K
Run Charts01:12

Run Charts

59
Run charts serve as an essential instrument for visualizing the performance of various processes over time, enabling the identification of trends and patterns crucial for quality improvement. These charts map out a series of data points chronologically, offering insights into the stability and efficiency of a process. A run chart's creation involves plotting data points on a graph, with the time intervals on the horizontal axis and the specific measurements on the vertical axis. For...
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials
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An Interval Throwing Program for Baseball Pitchers Based upon Workload Data.

Michael M Reinold1,2, Brittany Dowling3, Glenn S Fleisig4

  • 1Chicago White Sox.

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy
|March 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new interval throwing program (ITP) for baseball pitchers offers a data-driven approach to arm rehabilitation. This updated ITP ensures a safer, more gradual increase in throwing workload, reducing injury risk during return to play.

Keywords:
Tommy JohnUCLbaseballelbow torquelong-tosspitchingrehabilitationworkload management

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Baseball Pitching Performance

Background:

  • Interval throwing programs (ITP) are established methods for baseball pitcher rehabilitation post-injury or surgery.
  • Traditional ITPs rely on anecdotal evidence, lacking modern biomechanical and workload data integration.
  • Advancements in understanding throwing biomechanics necessitate updated, data-driven rehabilitation protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an updated Interval Throwing Program (ITP) for baseball pitchers using biomechanical and workload data.
  • To compare the updated ITP with a historical program, analyzing chronic workload and acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR).

Main Methods:

  • Calculated elbow varus torque based on throwing distance and analyzed workloads (daily, acute, chronic, ACWR) from a historical ITP's throwing schedule.
  • Developed a new ITP designed to mirror current pitcher throwing schedules and gradually increase ACWR.
  • Utilized a cross-sectional study design to compare workload parameters between the old and new ITPs.

Main Results:

  • The original ITP spanned 136 days with a final chronic workload of 15.0 and deviated from the safe ACWR range (0.7-1.3) for 18% of the duration, peaking at 1.61.
  • The updated ITP features a 217-day schedule, a lower final chronic workload of 10.8, and deviated from the safe ACWR range for only 9% of the duration, with a peak of 1.33.
  • The updated ITP demonstrated a more gradual increase in chronic workload and reduced time outside the safe ACWR range compared to the traditional program.

Conclusions:

  • The newly developed ITP aligns better with modern baseball pitchers' throwing demands and provides a more controlled progression of chronic workload.
  • This updated ITP can facilitate a safer and more efficient return to competition for pitchers, potentially minimizing setbacks and reinjury.
  • The program serves as a foundation for future, potentially shorter-duration ITPs for athletes recovering from shoulder and elbow injuries.