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Updated: Jul 1, 2025
Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-Sphenoidal Minimally Invasive Pituitary Surgery with Image Guided Navigation System
Debasish Ghosh1, Srikrishna Majhi2, Ankit Choudhary1
1Department of ENT, IORL &HNS, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 700020 Kolkata, India.
Abstract:
Introduction- Endoscopic minimally invasive pituitary surgery (MIPS) is advantageous over microscopic technique, as it provides superior close up, wide angle view of surgical target area. Image guided navigation system (IGNS) guides the surgeon to localize the lesion. In the present study we analyzed the Image Guided Surgical procedure and outcome of Endoscopic minimally invasive pituitary surgery and shared our experiences regarding disease clearance.
Materials And Methods:
During the period of April 2015 to August 2022 a total 104 patients, diagnosed with pituitary adenoma underwent surgery and further followed up in a multidisciplinary team approach in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata, India. The data obtained were reviewed statistically to satisfy the study objectives.
Results:
Total 104 operations were done on 98 patients and total cases taken for calculation and analysis was 98, which consist of 11 microadenomas, 81 macroadenomas. Among 35 patients with normal preoperative hormonal assay, one patient developed postoperative hypopituitarism. Among 6 patients with preoperative hypopituitarism 4 patients (66.6%) recovered after surgery. Overall, 85 cases had total disease clearance as detected on post-operative MRI. In functioning pituitary adenoma (FPA) clinical and endocrinological improvement occurred after primary surgery in 85.36% (n = 35) and after revision surgery it was 84.44% (n = 38). Macroadenomas, giant adenomas were found to have statistically significant higher risk of incomplete disease clearance but large adenomas do not have statistically higher risk of incomplete clearance.
Conclusion:
IGNS requires extra time for setup, but with proper registration of tracker instruments it adds precision to the surgery. IGNS supplements endoscopic visualization with localization of target lesion by real time stereotactic feedback using preset preoperative imaging data, thus increasing accuracy, safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery.
