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Updated: Jul 1, 2025
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A Bedside, Single Burr Hole Approach to Multimodality Monitoring in Severe Brain Injury
Published on: March 26, 2019
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Acute encephalopathy in the ICU: a practical approach
Pedro Kurtz1,2, Mark van den Boogaard3, Timothy D Girard4
1D'Or Institute of Research and Education.
Current Opinion in Critical Care
|March 5, 2024
Summary
Acute encephalopathy (AE) in ICU patients without primary brain injury presents diagnostic and management challenges. Advances focus on refined definitions, validated delirium assessment tools, and evolving roles for EEG and neuroimaging in coma management.
Area of Science:
- Critical care medicine
- Neuroscience
- Neurology
Background:
- Acute encephalopathy (AE) is a rapid change in cognitive status in critically ill patients.
- AE diagnosis, monitoring, and management are complex, especially without primary brain injury.
- Evolving definitions clarify delirium and coma, aiding clinical assessment.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacologic treatments for delirium are limited; dexmedetomidine shows efficacy in ventilated patients.
- Haloperidol has minimal delirium effect but potential other benefits.
- Specific treatments for coma in non-primary brain injury remain underdeveloped.
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