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Cold exposure impacts DNA methylation patterns in cattle sperm.

Md Nazmul Hossain1,2, Yao Gao1, Michael J Hatfield1

  • 1Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.

Frontiers in Genetics
|March 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cold winter temperatures alter DNA methylation in bull sperm, impacting genes related to embryonic development and bone formation. These changes may affect offspring development, highlighting the need for further research.

Keywords:
DNA methylationWGBSembryonic developmentepigeneticsimprinted genesosteogenesissperm

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Environmental Toxicology

Background:

  • Environmental factors like temperature influence DNA methylation.
  • Bulls in colder climates experience extreme winter temperatures.
  • The impact of cold exposure on bovine sperm DNA methylation is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of cold exposure on DNA methylation patterns in bull sperm.
  • To identify specific genes and pathways affected by seasonal cold exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) was used to analyze sperm DNA methylation.
  • Sperm was collected from the same bulls during late spring and winter.
  • Differential methylation analysis was performed using Bismark and R Bioconductor DSS.

Main Results:

  • Cold exposure induced significant changes in DNA methylation, identifying 3,163 differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs).
  • 438 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified, overlapping with 186 unique genes.
  • Key differentially methylated genes (DMGs) involved in embryonic development (e.g., Peg10, Mest) and osteogenesis (e.g., Prmt6, Lmbr1) were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Cold exposure induces differential DNA methylation in bull sperm, affecting genes crucial for embryonic development and osteogenesis.
  • Paternally expressed imprinted genes Peg10 and Mest showed significantly increased methylation after cold exposure.
  • Findings suggest potential impacts on offspring development and warrant further investigation with larger sample sizes.