[Epigenetic modifications and cardiovascular diseases : new Eldorado]

As the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) is strongly dependent on the environment, the study of associated epigenetic modifications is a potentially promising axe of research given that they are affected by both the environment and disease development. Importantly, it is possible to identify and characterize specific epigenetic modifications in association with a disease, or risk factors for a disease, to create a so-called "epigenetic signature". Epigenetic signatures thus provide a summary of associated epigenetic changes and have the potential for several clinical applications including diagnosis, prognosis, as well as patient monitoring. However, although epigenetics has been successfully applied in cancer, efforts are still required to make their clinical use in CVD a reality.