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Tractional Retinal Detachment: Prevalence and Causes in Nigerians
Dennis George Nkanga1, Chineze Thelma Agweye1, Ogugua Ndubuisi Okonkwo2
1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
Journal of the West African College of Surgeons
|March 7, 2024
Summary
Tractional retinal detachment (TRD) in Nigerians is most commonly caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Early detection and treatment of related systemic diseases, alongside trauma prevention, can reduce blindness from TRD.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retinal Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Tractional retinal detachment (TRD) is a significant cause of vision loss.
- Understanding the specific causes of TRD in different populations is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the primary causes of tractional retinal detachment (TRD) among Nigerian patients.
- To identify associated systemic diseases and risk factors contributing to TRD in this population.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, multicenter study was conducted over one year.
- Evaluated 237 patients with retinal detachment (RD), identifying 61 with TRD.
- Included clinical examinations and systemic health evaluations for all TRD cases.
Main Results:
- TRD accounted for 25.7% of all retinal detachments.
- Proliferative diabetic retinopathy was the leading cause (77.5%), followed by trauma and sickle-cell retinopathy (3.8% each).
- 88.5% of TRD patients had an associated systemic disease, predominantly diabetes (88.8%).
Conclusions:
- Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of TRD and vision impairment in Nigeria.
- Early detection and management of diabetic retinopathy, sickle-cell retinopathy, and trauma prevention are vital to reduce blindness.
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