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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
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The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
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Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
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EvfG is a multi-function protein located in the Type VI secretion system for ExPEC.

Wenjia Lu1, Hao Lu2, Xinyu Huo2

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Microbiological Research
|March 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A newly identified gene, evfG, regulates the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) in pathogenic E. coli. This gene modulates bacterial competition, stress response, and virulence, offering new avenues for drug development.

Keywords:
C-di-GMPDrug targetMotilityOxidative stressT6SSevfG

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Conjugative Mating Assays for Sequence-specific Analysis of Transfer Proteins Involved in Bacterial Conjugation
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a critical bacterial nanoweapon involved in interbacterial competition and virulence.
  • Research on T6SS in Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is limited, with key regulatory mechanisms underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel genes regulating T6SS function in ExPEC.
  • To elucidate the role of the uncharacterized gene evfG in ExPEC RS218 T6SS activity and bacterial traits.

Main Methods:

  • Gene identification within the T6SS cluster.
  • Experimental analysis of evfG's role in T6SS expression and activity.
  • Investigation of evfG's interaction with c-di-GMP and sodA.
  • Transcriptome analysis and additional assays to assess evfG-controlled traits.

Main Results:

  • The gene evfG was identified and confirmed to be involved in T6SS expression in ExPEC RS218.
  • EvfG modulates T6SS activity by competitively binding c-di-GMP, reducing its inhibitory effect.
  • EvfG recruits sodA to mitigate oxidative stress.
  • EvfG regulates multiple bacterial traits including adhesion, invasion, motility, drug resistance, and pathogenicity.

Conclusions:

  • EvfG acts as a multifunctional regulator for the T6SS and associated bacterial activities in ExPEC.
  • Understanding evfG's role advances T6SS research and opens opportunities for novel vaccine and therapeutic strategies against ExPEC infections.