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Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
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Decision-making processes in perceptual learning depend on effectors.

Vladyslav Ivanov1,2, Giorgio L Manenti1,3,4,5, Sandrin S Plewe1,3,4

  • 1Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen - A Joint Initiative of the University Medical Center Göttingen and the Max Planck Society, Grisebachstraße 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.

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|March 7, 2024
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Visual perceptual learning involves sensorimotor mapping, not just visual cortex. Learning effects on decision-making depend on motor effectors, suggesting visual information maps to effector-specific processes.

Keywords:
Effector specificityOrientationSensorimotor mappingVisual perceptual learning

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Perception

Background:

  • Visual perceptual learning is traditionally localized to the visual cortex.
  • Perceptual learning tasks often involve sensorimotor integration, mapping visual input to motor output.
  • The motor system's mixed representations raise questions about the effector-specificity of visual learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether visual perceptual learning is effector-specific.
  • To determine if learning in a visual task generalizes across different motor responses.
  • To explore the role of sensorimotor mapping in visual perceptual learning.

Main Methods:

  • An orientation discrimination task was used for training and testing.
  • Subjects learned to respond using joystick or manual reach movements.
  • The drift-diffusion model was employed to analyze decision-making processes.
  • Performance was tested using eye movements after training with other effectors.

Main Results:

  • Learning effects on evidence accumulation rate showed partial dependence on the effector used.
  • This suggests visual information is mapped onto effector-specific decision-making processes.
  • Partial generalization across effectors indicates overlapping neural representations for motor plans.

Conclusions:

  • Visual perceptual learning extends beyond the visual cortex.
  • Learning impacts sensorimotor transformations at the visual processing-decision making interface.
  • The findings highlight the integration of visual perception and motor action in learning.