Connectivity mapping-based identification of pharmacological inhibitor targeting HDAC6 in aggressive pancreatic

Pranita Atri1, Ashu Shah1, Gopalakrishnan Natarajan1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.

PubMed

Insights

This study identifies ISOX as a promising drug for pancreatic cancer (PC) treatment. ISOX targets the HDAC 6/cMyc pathway, showing efficacy in preclinical models and enhancing survival with 5FU.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to limited treatment options and costly drug development.
  • Genomic-data-driven approaches like Connectivity Mapping (CMAP) offer potential for identifying novel pancreatic cancer (PC) drug candidates.
  • Improving patient outcomes requires innovative strategies to target PC effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and validate a novel therapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer (PC) using genomic data.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of the identified drug candidate.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of ISOX, alone and in combination with 5FU, in preclinical models of PC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Connectivity Mapping (CMAP) analysis on gene expression data from 106 PC patients to identify potential drug candidates.
  • Validated drug candidates through analysis of PC cell lines, human tumoroids, and patient-derived xenografts.
  • Assessed the efficacy of ISOX and 5FU in inhibiting tumor growth using syngeneic PC cells, tumoroids, and in vivo mouse models.
  • Performed global transcriptomic and pathway analysis to elucidate the molecular targets of ISOX.

Main Results:

  • Connectivity Mapping identified nine negatively connected drugs, with ISOX emerging as the most potent agent against PC.
  • Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ISOX targets the HDAC 6/cMyc axis, leading to cMyc instability and disruption of PC growth and metastasis.
  • ISOX demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in various preclinical models, including KrasG12D-harboring tumoroids and mice.
  • Combined treatment with ISOX and 5FU significantly enhanced survival and controlled metastasis in preclinical models without toxicity to normal cells.

Conclusions:

  • ISOX is validated as a novel therapeutic agent for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) with a favorable safety profile.
  • The HDAC 6/cMyc pathway is a critical target for ISOX in disrupting PC progression and stemness.
  • ISOX, in combination with 5FU, holds significant clinical potential for future pancreatic cancer (PC) trials.