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Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and periodontitis among adults: A population-based cross-sectional study
Silas Alves-Costa1,2, Gustavo G Nascimento2,3, Marco A Peres2,3
1Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Aim:
Investigating the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and periodontitis and whether the awareness of diabetes modifies this relationship.
Materials And Methods:
Cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) data involving US adults aged 30-50. Periodontitis was classified according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology (CDC-AAP), and SSB consumption as dichotomous (<5 or ≥5, <7 or ≥7 and <14 or ≥14 times/week), ordinal and continuous variables. Confounders included family income poverty ratio, education, race/ethnicity, sex, age, food energy intake, smoking and alcohol. Odds ratios (ORs) were obtained by logistic regressions using inverse probability weighting. Effect modification analysis was performed considering self-reported diabetes.
Results:
Among 4473 cases analysed, 198 self-reported diabetes. SSBs were associated with periodontitis when individuals consumed ≥5 (OR 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-2.06), ≥7 (OR 1.92; 95% CI = 1.50-2.46) and ≥14 (OR 2.19; 95% CI = 1.50-3.18) times/week. The combined effect of consuming SSBs (≥5 and ≥14 times/week) and self-reported diabetes had less impact than the cumulative effect.
Conclusions:
SSB consumption was associated with higher odds of periodontitis, and the estimates were reduced among those with awareness of diabetes.
