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Reversible Sensing Technologies Using Upcycled TPEE: Crafting pH and Light Responsive Materials towards Sustainable

Chun-Ting Chang1, Kai-Chuan Kuo1,2, Jhih-Hao Ho1

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Summary

This study presents a novel dual-responsive smart sensor using recycled materials. The sensor changes color with light and pH, offering a sustainable solution for environmental detection.

Keywords:
layer‐by‐layer assemblyrecycled polyethylene terephthalatespiropyranthermoplastic polyester elastomersupcycling

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Multiresponsive materials are crucial for environmental monitoring but often require complex fabrication.
  • Developing sustainable and scalable methods for producing these advanced materials is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-responsive (light and pH) smart sensor using a simple, scalable fabrication process.
  • To utilize upcycled thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) derived from recycled polyethylene terephthalate (r-PET) for sensor fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • A layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique was employed to deposit chitosan and merocyanine-COOH (MC-COOH) onto a TPEE substrate.
  • The spiropyran-based sensor film (TPEE-CH-SP) was fabricated using positively charged chitosan and negatively charged MC-COOH solutions.
  • Dual responsiveness was achieved through UV irradiation-induced isomerization of spiropyran-COOH (SP-COOH) to MC-COOH and subsequent pH-induced protonation of MC-COOH.

Main Results:

  • The TPEE-CH-SP film exhibited a color change from colorless to purple upon UV exposure due to spiropyran isomerization.
  • Exposure to hydrogen chloride (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO3) vapors induced a color change from purple to yellow, indicating pH responsiveness.
  • The fabricated sensor demonstrated reversible and durable characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • A simple and scalable LbL assembly process was successfully used to create a dual-responsive smart sensor from recycled TPEE.
  • The spiropyran-based sensor shows potential for environmental change detection applications.
  • This work highlights the feasibility of using upcycled materials for advanced functional sensors.