Cellulose-based light-management film exhibiting flame-retardant and thermal-healing properties

The increased use and expansion of biomass applications offer a viable approach to diminish reliance on petroleum-derived resources and promote carbon neutrality. Cellulose, being the most abundant natural polymer on Earth, has garnered considerable attention. This study introduces a straightforward method to fabricate a cellulose-based multifunctional composite film designed for efficient light management, specifically featuring flame retardant and thermal-healing capabilities. The film incorporates a microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) matrix with functional components, namely benzoxazine resin (BR) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphate (HEMAP). Utilizing dynamic covalent crosslinking, the composite films exhibit satisfactory self-healing properties. The combined effects of BR and HEMAP contribute to the effective flame retardancy of the composite film. Furthermore, the resulting film shields ultraviolet and blue light, offering comfortable interior lighting by mitigating harsh light and extending light propagation. The film also demonstrates favorable water resistance and high tensile strength. The exceptional multifunctional properties, coupled with its safety and extended service life, position it as a potential optical management film for smart building materials.