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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

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Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents01:17

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

197
Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents01:18

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents

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Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
163
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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RNA therapeutics for diarrhea.

Duy Ha Nguyen1, Md Jamal Uddin2, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq3

  • 1Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.

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Secretory diarrhea, driven by ion transport and epithelial secretion, presents therapeutic challenges. RNA-based therapies offer a novel approach to target underlying molecular mechanisms for improved treatment of diarrhea.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diarrhea stems from diverse causes including infections, inflammation, medications, and genetic factors.
  • Secretory diarrhea involves complex ion transport, signaling pathways (cyclic nucleotide, Ca2+), and intestinal epithelial secretion.
  • Current treatments focus on rehydration and symptom management, with limited options for underlying mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of RNA-based therapies for secretory diarrhea.
  • To highlight the role of ion channels (CFTR, Ca2+-activated Cl- channels) in secretory diarrhea.
  • To discuss the challenges and advancements in developing RNA-based treatments for gastrointestinal disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on secretory diarrhea mechanisms.
  • Analysis of ion transport and signaling pathways implicated in fluid secretion.
  • Examination of RNA-based therapeutic strategies and their development.

Main Results:

  • Secretory diarrhea is characterized by dysregulated ion transport, particularly Cl- secretion and inhibited Na+ absorption.
  • RNA therapeutics offer a targeted approach to modulate gene expression and protein function relevant to diarrhea.
  • Significant hurdles exist in RNA delivery, stability, and specificity for therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the molecular basis of secretory diarrhea is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • RNA-based therapies represent a promising frontier for addressing previously untreatable causes of diarrhea.
  • Continued research into RNA delivery and stability is essential for clinical translation.