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Setting priorities for physical examination in pharmacy education: A Delphi study
Marie-Laurence Tremblay1, Marc-Antoine Guay2, Alexandre Lafleur2
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec.
Summary
Pharmacists increasingly perform physical examinations (PE) to monitor patient therapy. Consensus identified essential PE tests for pharmacy education, prioritizing blood pressure measurement, pulse rate, weight, and blood glucose monitoring for enhanced patient care.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Clinical Skills Training
- Physical Examination
Background:
- Pharmacy practice scope is expanding, requiring pharmacists to conduct physical examinations (PE).
- Effective patient therapy monitoring necessitates comprehensive PE training for pharmacists.
- Determining priority PE tests for pharmacy education is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To achieve consensus on which physical examination tests should be prioritized for teaching in pharmacy education.
- To identify essential PE skills for pharmacists to effectively monitor patient therapy.
Main Methods:
- An online Delphi survey was conducted with 16 expert pharmacists.
- Data collection occurred from December 2021 to April 2022.
- Two Delphi rounds established consensus on PE test inclusion/exclusion, followed by a prioritization round.
Main Results:
- Consensus was reached on 27 PE tests for entry-to-practice programs.
- Blood pressure measurement was deemed indispensable and prioritized.
- Pulse rate, weight, and blood glucose measurements were also highly prioritized.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacy programs should prioritize teaching PE tests with a clear impact on drug therapy management.
- Focusing on evidence-supported PE skills enhances patient safety and therapeutic outcomes.
- Training must address skill decay and accurate performance of examinations.
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