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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

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Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized,...
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Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
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Alginate based biomaterials for hemostatic applications: Innovations and developments.

Ankita Sharma1, Chetna Verma1, Pratibha Singh1

  • 1Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|March 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Alginate-based hemostats offer excellent biocompatibility and absorption for emergency hemorrhage management. This review explores composite hemostats to enhance blood clotting and overcome limitations of current options.

Keywords:
AlginateAntimicrobial biomaterialsComposite materialsMultifunctional hemostats

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Hemostatic Agents
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Efficient hemostatic materials are crucial for managing emergency hemorrhage and reducing casualties.
  • Current hemostats have limitations including exothermic reactions, poor biocompatibility, and painful removal.
  • Developing ideal hemostatic compositions with rapid clotting, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties is a significant bioengineering challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of alginate-based composite hemostats in enhancing hemostatic potential.
  • To explore various hemostatic agents incorporated with alginate.
  • To outline challenges and future research directions for clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on alginate-based hemostats and composite materials.
  • Analysis of different categories of hemostatic agents (inorganic, polymeric, biological, herbal, synthetic drugs) combined with alginate.
  • Discussion of challenges and future research avenues.

Main Results:

  • Alginate-based hemostats demonstrate excellent biocompatibility (>85% cell viability) and high absorption capacity (>500%).
  • Sodium alginate shows inherent hemostatic activity, significantly reducing blood loss compared to controls.
  • Composite hemostats incorporating various agents show potential for enhanced hemostatic efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Alginate-based materials are promising for developing advanced hemostats due to their favorable properties.
  • Composite hemostats offer a strategy to further improve hemostatic performance.
  • Addressing challenges related to clinical trials is essential for future development and application.