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Third Harmonic Generation in Thin NbOI2 and TaOI2.

Tianhong Tang1,2, Deng Hu1,2, Di Lin1,2

  • 1Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Niobium and tantalum oxide iodides show strong third-order nonlinear optical effects, making them promising for new photonic devices. Their nonlinear efficiency can be tuned by changing the material

Keywords:
NbOI2TaOI2harmonic generationnonlinear opticstwo-dimensional transition metal oxide iodides

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Optics

Background:

  • Niobium oxide dihalides are emerging van der Waals materials.
  • They exhibit large second-order nonlinear optical responses and in-plane ferroelectricity.
  • Third-order optical nonlinearities are independent of crystal centrosymmetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate third harmonic generation (THG) in two-dimensional (2D) niobium and tantalum oxide iodides (NbOI2 and TaOI2).
  • To characterize the third-order nonlinear optical properties of these materials.
  • To explore the influence of material thickness on THG intensity.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurement of third harmonic generation (THG).
  • Benchmarking THG intensity against monolayer WS2.
  • Analysis of THG intensity as a function of material thickness.

Main Results:

  • Comparable THG intensity observed in NbOI2 and TaOI2.
  • Third-order susceptibility is on the order of that in WS2.
  • THG resonances observed, enhanced by excitonic and band edge states.
  • THG intensity increases with thickness up to 30 nm, then saturates or decreases due to optical interference.

Conclusions:

  • Niobium and tantalum oxide iodides are promising 2D materials for third-order nonlinear optics.
  • These materials possess intrinsic in-plane ferroelectricity.
  • Their nonlinear optical efficiency is tunable with thickness, offering design flexibility for photonic applications.