Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
09:01

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

10.0K

Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study identified the key role of gut microbiota in

Baike Liu1,2, Zheran Liu3, Tianxiang Jiang1,2

  • 1Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.

European Journal of Medical Research
|March 13, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Gut bacteria like Lachnospiraceae are causally linked to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Some microbes may protect against irAEs, offering potential targets for management.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Emerging evidence links gut microbiota to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
  • The precise causal roles of gut microbes in irAE development remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal associations between specific gut bacterial taxa and irAEs in patients treated with ICIs.
  • To identify potential microbial biomarkers or therapeutic targets for managing irAEs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
  • Employed instrumental variables for gut microbiota from the MiBioGen consortium (18,340 participants).
  • Analyzed GWAS summary data for irAEs from an ICI-treated cohort (1,751 patients) using various MR methods.

Main Results:

  • Identified fourteen gut bacterial taxa causally associated with irAEs.
  • Lachnospiraceae showed a strong association with increased risk of high-grade and all-grade irAEs.
  • Akkermansia, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Anaerostipes were protective against high-grade irAEs, while Ruminiclostridium6, Coprococcus3, Collinsella, and Eubacterium (fissicatena group) increased risk.

Conclusions:

  • Established a strong causal link between Lachnospiraceae and irAEs, alongside other microbial taxa.
  • Findings suggest gut microbiota modulation as a potential strategy for managing irAEs in ICI-treated cancer patients.
Keywords:
AkkermansiaLachnospiraceaeRuminiclostridium6Gut microbiotaImmune-related adverse effectsImmunotherapy toxicityMVMRMendelian randomization studyMultivariable Mendelian randomization studyirAEs

More Related Videos

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota07:15

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

Published on: July 31, 2019

9.6K
Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model05:41

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model

Published on: April 6, 2022

2.9K

Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
1.4K
Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
226
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
73
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
95
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
257
Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
252