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Comparison of intelligent development (IQ & EQ) of children with cleft lip and palate

Rasool Esmaeili Maryan1, Masood Feizbakhsh2, Zohreh Esmaeilian3

  • 1Dentistry Graduate Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.

Dental Research Journal
|March 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Children with cleft lip and cleft palate (CL and CP) show normal intelligence quotient (IQ) but lower emotional intelligence (EQ) compared to healthy peers. A significant inverse relationship exists between IQ and EQ in children with CL and CP.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Craniofacial Anomalies Research

Background:

  • Children with cleft lip and cleft palate (CL and CP) may face unique developmental challenges.
  • Understanding cognitive and emotional development in these children is crucial for early intervention and support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EQ) in children with CL and CP against a control group of healthy children.
  • To investigate the relationship between IQ and EQ within these groups.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study involving 140 children aged 5-9 years (70 with CL and CP, 70 healthy controls).
  • Assessment using the Raven IQ questionnaire and the Mayer and Salovey EQ questionnaire.
  • Data analysis included Spearman correlation and ANOVA, with Pearson correlation coefficient tests.

Main Results:

  • Emotional intelligence (EQ) scores were significantly lower in children with CL and CP compared to healthy children (P < 0.001).
  • No significant difference was found in intelligence quotient (IQ) between children with CL and CP and healthy children (P = 0.641).
  • A significant inverse relationship between IQ and EQ was observed in children with CL and CP (r = -0.526, P < 0.001), but not in healthy children.

Conclusions:

  • Cleft lip and palate (CL and CP) do not impact cognitive intelligence (IQ) in children.
  • Emotional intelligence (EQ) is significantly affected in children with CL and CP.
  • The findings highlight the importance of addressing EQ in the developmental support for children with CL and CP.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cleft lipcleft palateemotional intelligenceintellectual disability

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