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Development and validation of 3-dimensional simulators for penile prosthesis surgery.

Yacov Reisman^1,2, Koen van Renterghem³, Boaz Meijer⁴

¹Flare-Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

|March 13, 2024

Summary

A validated 3D model offers a suitable and ethical alternative for penile prosthesis surgery training. This innovative tool enhances surgical skill acquisition compared to traditional cadaveric models, with reduced costs and improved accessibility.

Keywords:

3D model Evaluation Penile prosthesis surgery Simulator Training

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Area of Science:

Urology
Medical Simulation
3D Printing Technology

Background:

Penile prosthesis surgery training faces limitations due to a lack of effective simulators.
Three-dimensional (3D) printed models offer a promising solution for surgical practice and improved understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate and validate a 3D model of human male genitalia for penile prosthesis surgery training.

Main Methods:

The study involved three stages: anatomical landmark verification against cadavers, validation of anatomic accuracy and teaching utility using the Rochester evaluation score, and assessment of suitability as a surgical simulator.
A modified, validated questionnaire and the Rochester evaluation score were used across three centers.

Main Results:

The 3D model demonstrated high accuracy in replicating relevant anatomy (4.33/5) and suitability for improving technical skills and teaching surgical procedures (4.33/5).
A strong correlation (0.86) was found between the Rochester evaluation score and the modified questionnaire.
Experts found the 3D model ethically superior, more cost-effective, and more accessible than cadavers.

Conclusions:

A validated 3D model serves as a suitable alternative for penile prosthesis surgery training.
This 3D hydrogel model is the first validated for penile prosthesis surgery, offering an ethical, cost-effective, and accessible option for skill acquisition.