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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
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Immune-mediated hepatitis: Basic concepts and treatment.

J A Velarde-Ruiz Velasco1, D K Tapia Calderón2, S Cerpa-Cruz3

  • 1Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.

Revista De Gastroenterologia De Mexico (English)
|March 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune-mediated hepatitis (IMH) is an adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) cancer therapy. This review details IMH epidemiology, diagnosis, risk factors, and management, including in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords:
DILIDrug-induced liver injury (DILI)Hepatitis inmunomediadaImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmune-mediated hepatitisImmunotherapyInhibidores de puntos de control inmunitarioInmunoterapiaTratamientoTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed advanced cancer treatment.
  • Increased ICI use has led to more immune-mediated adverse events, particularly affecting the liver.
  • Immune-mediated hepatitis (IMH) is a significant concern in patients receiving immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of immune-mediated hepatitis (IMH) in the context of cancer immunotherapy.
  • To cover the epidemiology, diagnosis, risk factors, and progression of IMH.
  • To discuss IMH incidence across various cancers and outline current treatment guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on immune-mediated hepatitis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, and risk factors.
  • Synthesis of current diagnostic criteria and treatment recommendations.

Main Results:

  • IMH incidence varies, presenting from mild transaminase elevations to severe hepatitis.
  • Risk factors and clinical patterns of IMH are being increasingly elucidated.
  • Management strategies are evolving based on clinical presentation and cancer type, including hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conclusions:

  • IMH is a critical consideration in patients undergoing immunotherapy.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to mitigate severe outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols and improve patient outcomes in IMH.