Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 30, 2025
Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure
Published on: October 1, 2019
Reference Standards of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Measured With the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Using the Treadmill
Jia Huang1, Lianhua Yin, Xia Li
1Author Affiliations: College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (Dr Huang, Mss Li and Xie, and Mr He); The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (Dr Yin and Mss Wu and Ni); College of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (Ms Li); National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (Dr Liu); Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China (Dr L. Tao); and Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (Drs J. Tao and Chen).
Purpose:
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong predictor of cardiorespiratory diseases and varies by race. The purpose of this study was to provide CRF reference standards and a prediction equation for peak oxygen uptake (V˙O 2peak ) from treadmill-based cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) in Chinese individuals.
Methods:
Healthy participants (n = 4199) who completed a CPX using a treadmill were studied. The percentiles of V˙O 2peak were determined for four age groups (decades). A regression prediction model was developed from the derivation cohort (n = 3361), validated in the independent validation cohort (n = 838), and compared with the widely used Wasserman equation and the Fitness Registry and the Importance of Exercise National Database (FRIEND) equation.
Results:
The mean V˙O 2peak values of four age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50-59 yr) were 42.6, 41.2, 38.7, and 35.9 mL/kg/min, respectively, for men, and 37.1, 34.7, 32.0, and 30.3 mL/kg/min, respectively, for women. The 50th percentiles of relative V˙O 2peak decreased with age for both sexes. The prediction equation was: Absolute V˙O 2peak (mL/min) = 236.68 - (504.64 × sex [male = 0; female = 1]) + (21.23× weight [kg]) - (14.31 × age [yr]) + (9.46 × height [cm]) (standard error of the estimate = 379.59 mL/min, R2 = 0.66, P < .001).Percentage predicted V˙O 2peak for the validation sample was 100.2%. The novel equation performed better than the other two equations.
Conclusion:
This study reports the first CRF reference standards and prediction equation generated from treadmill CPX in China. These reference standards provide a framework for interpreting the CRF of the Chinese population and could be useful information for a global CRF database.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Exercise Stress Test
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
01:25Pulmonary Function Tests
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...