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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Cervical lymphadenitis from Mycobacterium avium complex.

Jared Coe1,2, Yoram Puius2, Harsh Jain2

  • 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA jacoe@montefiore.org.

BMJ Case Reports
|March 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A young man presented with cervical lymphadenitis caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Prompt MAC therapy led to an excellent clinical response, highlighting the importance of considering atypical infections.

Keywords:
ImmunologyInfectious diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cervical lymphadenitis can present insidiously, mimicking other common conditions.
  • Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is an opportunistic pathogen, typically seen in immunocompromised individuals.

Observation:

  • A young man without known HIV developed progressive unilateral neck swelling.
  • Initial treatment for presumed cat scratch disease provided partial symptom relief.
  • CT revealed a necrotic cervical lymph node mass.

Findings:

  • Blood cultures ultimately identified Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).
  • The patient achieved an excellent clinical response following targeted MAC therapy.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering MAC in the differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenitis, even in immunocompetent individuals.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and preventing complications.
  • Long-term monitoring and treatment considerations for MAC infections are essential.