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Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
Published on: October 16, 2013
Neurobiological basis of emergence from anesthesia
1Department of Medical Neuroscience and SUSTech Center for Pain Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
Abstract:
The suppression of consciousness by anesthetics and the emergence of the brain from anesthesia are complex and elusive processes. Anesthetics may exert their inhibitory effects by binding to specific protein targets or through membrane-mediated targets, disrupting neural activity and the integrity and function of neural circuits responsible for signal transmission and conscious perception/subjective experience. Emergence from anesthesia was generally thought to depend on the elimination of the anesthetic from the body. Recently, studies have suggested that emergence from anesthesia is a dynamic and active process that can be partially controlled and is independent of the specific molecular targets of anesthetics. This article summarizes the fundamentals of anesthetics' actions in the brain and the mechanisms of emergence from anesthesia that have been recently revealed in animal studies.
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