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Including microbiome information in a multi-trait genomic evaluation: a case study on longitudinal growth performance

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Understanding the host genome

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Microbiome Research
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Cattle growth rate is crucial for feed conversion efficiency.
  • Rumen microbiome metabolism significantly impacts cattle growth.
  • Temporal variations in growth stages require tailored strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate genomic and microbial factors influencing cattle growth rate.
  • Analyze host genome's effect on the rumen microbiome.
  • Develop microbiome-driven breeding strategies to enhance feed conversion efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed longitudinal body weights, genomic, and metagenomic data from 359 beef cattle.
  • Calculated genomic correlations between microbial genes and average daily gain (ADG) traits.
  • Developed breeding strategies using microbial gene information and ADG records.

Main Results:

  • Host genome influences the functional rumen microbiome, affecting temporal ADG variations.
  • Identified 533 microbial genes with genomic correlations to ADG traits.
  • Microbiome data combined with ADG records increased breeding value prediction accuracy by 11-22%.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial metabolism plays a key genomic role in cattle growth trajectories.
  • Microbiome information can enhance genomic breeding programs for cattle.
  • Utilizing microbiome data can improve genomic estimated breeding values and ADG at all growth stages.