Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

541
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
541
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

943
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
943
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

264
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
264
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

313
Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
313
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

350
Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
350
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests

823
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
823

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gephyrin Neurological Autoimmunity.

Annals of neurology·2026
Same author

Septin multimer autoantibodies in severe motor neuropathy mimicking lower motor neuron disease.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026
Same author

AEGIS reveals epitope- and clone-resolved convergence of CNS B and T cell autoreactivity in ROHHAD.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Long-Term Outcomes in Stiff Person Spectrum Disorder.

European journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Novel methods for neural IgG characterization and validation in autoimmune neurologic disorders.

Journal of immunological methods·2026
Same author

GAD65 Antibody ELISA With Extended Reportable Range: Validation and Guidance for Neurological Practice.

Annals of clinical and translational neurology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
10:41

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

Published on: September 12, 2020

7.4K

Paraneoplastic movement disorders.

Andrew McKeon1, Jennifer Tracy2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|March 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Paraneoplastic movement disorders are autoimmune conditions linked to cancer, presenting diverse neurological symptoms. Identifying specific autoantibodies aids in diagnosis, predicting disease course, and guiding treatment for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
AntibodyAtaxiaChoreaMovementMyoclonusParaneoplastic

More Related Videos

Behavioral Assessments of Spontaneous Locomotion in a Murine MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model
05:38

Behavioral Assessments of Spontaneous Locomotion in a Murine MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model

Published on: January 7, 2019

17.9K
Behavioral and Locomotor Measurements Using an Open Field Activity Monitoring System for Skeletal Muscle Diseases
06:52

Behavioral and Locomotor Measurements Using an Open Field Activity Monitoring System for Skeletal Muscle Diseases

Published on: September 29, 2014

53.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
10:41

Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

Published on: September 12, 2020

7.4K
Behavioral Assessments of Spontaneous Locomotion in a Murine MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model
05:38

Behavioral Assessments of Spontaneous Locomotion in a Murine MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model

Published on: January 7, 2019

17.9K
Behavioral and Locomotor Measurements Using an Open Field Activity Monitoring System for Skeletal Muscle Diseases
06:52

Behavioral and Locomotor Measurements Using an Open Field Activity Monitoring System for Skeletal Muscle Diseases

Published on: September 29, 2014

53.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Paraneoplastic movement disorders are autoimmune neurological conditions associated with systemic cancer.
  • These disorders manifest with varied movement abnormalities, including ataxia, hypokinesia, and hyperkinesia, sometimes mimicking neurodegenerative diseases.

Approach:

  • Distinguishing paraneoplastic disorders involves recognizing subacute onset and non-classic features.
  • Paraneoplastic autoantibodies are crucial for identifying cancer associations, disease progression, and treatment efficacy.
  • A profile-based screening of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is recommended due to a growing list of antibody biomarkers.

Key Points:

  • Autoantibody biomarkers, such as anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and anti-Yo, correlate with specific neurological presentations and cancer types (e.g., Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarian adenocarcinoma).
  • These antibodies help differentiate disease phenotypes, from mild to rapidly progressive and disabling deficits.
  • The growing list of antibody biomarkers necessitates tailored detection methods (serum/CSF) and informs prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of paraneoplastic movement disorders is essential for effective management.
  • Treatment strategies include immunotherapy (corticosteroids, IVIg, plasma exchange, rituximab, cyclophosphamide) and symptomatic therapies.
  • A comprehensive, antibody-profile-based diagnostic approach improves patient outcomes and guides therapeutic decisions.