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Genetically engineered loaded extracellular vesicles for drug delivery.

Zuriñe Erana-Perez¹, Manoli Igartua², Edorta Santos-Vizcaino²

¹NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.

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Summary

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise for drug delivery. Genetic engineering of parent cells (endogenous loading) offers advantages for loading large therapeutic molecules compared to external (exogenous) methods.

Keywords:

cargo loading drug delivery system extracellular vesicles genetic engineering targeted delivery

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Evaluation of the Storage Stability of Extracellular Vesicles

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanomedicine
Drug Delivery

Background:

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly explored for therapeutic drug delivery.
Current drug loading strategies for EVs include exogenous and endogenous methods.
Exogenous methods involve external manipulation, while endogenous methods utilize genetic engineering of parent cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review common EV loading methods.
To highlight the advantages of the endogenous EV loading approach.
To discuss recent advances and applications of endogenous EV loading for therapeutic opportunities.

Main Methods:

Literature review of EV loading techniques.
Comparative analysis of exogenous versus endogenous EV loading.
Examination of recent research on endogenous EV loading applications.

Main Results:

Exogenous methods are widely used but have limitations.
Endogenous methods, based on parental cell genetic engineering, are effective for loading large biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids.
Endogenous loading offers significant advantages over exogenous methods for specific therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

The endogenous method presents a promising strategy for EV-based drug delivery, particularly for large biomolecules.
Advances in genetic engineering enhance the potential of endogenous EV loading.
This approach opens diverse therapeutic opportunities in the field of EV-based therapies.