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Related Concept Videos

Turbulent Flow01:24

Turbulent Flow

185
Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent...
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Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

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Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
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Introduction to Types of Flows01:23

Introduction to Types of Flows

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Fluid flows are categorized by dimensionality and behavior, with one-dimensional flow being the simplest form, where properties like velocity and pressure change only along a single axis. Water moving through straight pipes exemplifies this flow type, as variations in other directions are minimal. One-dimensional analysis helps simplify understanding such flows, focusing solely on changes along the pipe's length.
Two-dimensional flow involves changes in both length and height, as seen in...
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General Characteristics of Pipe Flow II01:24

General Characteristics of Pipe Flow II

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When fluid enters a pipe, it first passes through the entrance region, where the velocity profile adjusts due to viscous effects. In this region, a boundary layer forms along the pipe walls and grows until it fully occupies the pipe's cross-section. Once the boundary layer merges, the flow becomes fully developed, with a steady velocity profile that remains consistent along the pipe's length.
The distance to reach a fully developed flow is called the entrance length and depends on the...
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Boundary Layer Characteristics01:18

Boundary Layer Characteristics

109
When a fluid encounters a solid surface, a boundary layer forms due to the interaction between the fluid's motion and the stationary surface. This phenomenon is characterized by a thin region adjacent to the surface where viscous forces dominate, influencing the fluid's velocity profile. The development of the boundary layer begins at the leading edge of the surface and evolves as the fluid moves downstream.As the fluid flows over the surface, friction between the fluid and the wall slows down...
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Laminar Flow01:27

Laminar Flow

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Laminar flow represents a smooth, orderly fluid motion where particles move along parallel paths, resulting in minimal mixing between layers. Streamlined particle paths characterize this flow regime and occur under conditions where viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. The distinction between laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow is primarily determined by the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity calculated as:
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Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection
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Pattern formation by turbulent cascades.

Xander M de Wit1, Michel Fruchart2,3, Tali Khain3

  • 1Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

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|March 21, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Turbulent energy cascades can now generate patterns through a nonlinear mechanism. Odd viscosity, a property of chiral fluids, controls the pattern

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Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques
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Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Nonlinear Physics
  • Pattern Formation

Background:

  • Fully developed turbulence is a chaotic state with energy cascading to small scales where dissipation occurs.
  • Pattern formation typically relies on linear instabilities, not nonlinear mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel nonlinear mechanism for generating patterns from turbulent cascades.
  • To identify the key physical parameter controlling the emergent pattern's wavelength.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of turbulent cascade arrest.
  • Large-scale numerical simulations of fluid dynamics.
  • Investigation of the role of odd viscosity.

Main Results:

  • Turbulent cascades can arrest non-dissipatively at intermediate scales, leading to energy pile-up.
  • This energy pile-up drives pattern formation through a fully nonlinear mechanism.
  • Odd viscosity, a scale-dependent Coriolis-like force, tunes the pattern wavelength.

Conclusions:

  • A new nonlinear route to pattern formation in turbulence is discovered.
  • Odd viscosity in chiral fluids is identified as a key factor in controlling pattern characteristics.
  • This mechanism has potential implications for atmospheric flows, solar wind, and material processing.