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Benchmarking highly entangled states on a 60-atom analogue quantum simulator.
Adam L Shaw1, Zhuo Chen2,3, Joonhee Choi4,5
1California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. ashaw@caltech.edu.
Nature
|March 21, 2024
Summary
This study benchmarks analogue quantum simulators by comparing their entanglement generation to classical algorithms. The findings show analogue systems are competitive with digital quantum devices in complex quantum states.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Atomic Physics
- Quantum Simulation
Background:
- Classical computers struggle to simulate highly entangled quantum states.
- Fidelity comparisons have been limited to digital quantum devices.
- Estimating entanglement content in experiments remains a challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To perform fidelity benchmarking and entanglement estimation with a 60-atom analogue Rydberg quantum simulator.
- To develop and demonstrate an estimator for experimental mixed-state entanglement.
- To evaluate the performance of analogue quantum devices in the beyond-classically-exact regime.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a 60-atom analogue Rydberg quantum simulator.
- Developed an approximate classical algorithm for benchmarking.
- Employed extrapolation from comparisons against the classical algorithm.
- Demonstrated a novel estimator for mixed-state entanglement.
Main Results:
- Achieved a high-entanglement entropy regime where exact classical simulation is impractical.
- The analogue quantum simulator demonstrated competitive fidelity with state-of-the-art digital quantum devices.
- The novel classical algorithm matched the experimental performance.
Conclusions:
- Established a new model for evaluating analogue and digital quantum devices' entanglement generation capabilities.
- Highlighted the growing gap between quantum and classical computational power.
- Demonstrated the potential of analogue quantum simulators in complex quantum state generation.
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