Developing a machine learning model for accurate nucleoside hydrogels prediction based on descriptors

Supramolecular hydrogels derived from nucleosides have been gaining significant attention in the biomedical field due to their unique properties and excellent biocompatibility. However, a major challenge in this field is that there is no model for predicting whether nucleoside derivative will form a hydrogel. Here, we successfully develop a machine learning model to predict the hydrogel-forming ability of nucleoside derivatives. The optimal model with a 71% (95% Confidence Interval, 0.69-0.73) accuracy is established based on a dataset of 71 reported nucleoside derivatives. 24 molecules are selected via the optimal model external application and the hydrogel-forming ability is experimentally verified. Among these, two rarely reported cation-independent nucleoside hydrogels are found. Based on their self-assemble mechanisms, the cation-independent hydrogel is found to have potential applications in rapid visual detection of Ag⁺ and cysteine. Here, we show the machine learning model may provide a tool to predict nucleoside derivatives with hydrogel-forming ability.