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Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Transvaginal Mesh Insertion in the Ovine Model

Transvaginal Mesh Insertion in the Ovine Model

Published on: July 27, 2017

Vaginal Calculus Formation on Exposed Midurethral Sling Mesh.

Adam J Langer¹, Zenab Saeed², Elizabeth Barrett¹

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wright State University, Dayton, USA.

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology

|March 25, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Vaginal calculi are rare stones that can form due to urinary stagnation. This case highlights calculus formation on midurethral sling mesh in an elderly patient, emphasizing diagnosis and treatment.

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Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

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Area of Science:

Urology
Gynecology

Background:

Vaginal calculi are uncommon, often linked to urinary stagnation.
Management challenges arise from calculus size, location, and adjacent anatomy.

Observation:

Presents a rare case of vaginal calculus formation on exposed midurethral sling mesh.
Occurred in an elderly patient with a history of hemorrhagic cystitis.

Findings:

The calculus formed secondary to the presence of the foreign body (sling mesh).
Hemorrhagic cystitis may have contributed to the urinary stagnation and calculus development.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of evaluating for secondary fistulas or erosion with vaginal calculi.
Underscores the need for thorough assessment of adjacent anatomy and potential foreign bodies during management.