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Fried Frailty Phenotype in Elderly Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and
Huan Thanh Nguyen1,2, Huong Thanh Do2, Hai Van Be Nguyen2
1Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Insights
Frailty affects nearly 28% of elderly patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). Frailty predicts hospitalization, highlighting the need for interventions in older adults with CCS.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Frailty is a significant concern in elderly populations.
- Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is prevalent among older adults.
- The interplay between frailty and CCS requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with CCS.
- To identify factors associated with frailty in this demographic.
- To assess the impact of frailty on hospitalization rates in patients with CCS.
Main Methods:
- A study involving outpatients aged 60 years and above with CCS was conducted.
- The Fried frailty phenotype was used to assess frailty.
- Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify associated factors and the impact on hospitalization.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of frailty was 27.9% among 420 analyzed patients.
- Factors associated with frailty included age ≥ 75 years, limitations in instrumental activities of daily living, and heart failure.
- Frail patients exhibited a higher 3-month hospitalization rate compared to non-frail patients.
Conclusions:
- Frailty is common in elderly patients with CCS.
- Age, functional limitations, and heart failure are key predictors of frailty.
- Frailty emerges as a significant predictor of short-term hospitalization in this vulnerable group.
Purpose:
To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with frailty and impact of frailty on hospitalization due to any cause in elderly patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).
Patients And Methods:
We conducted a study wherein we assessed frailty using Fried frailty phenotype for outpatients aged ≥60 years with CCS. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with frailty. Frailty was adjusted for demographic and geriatric variables and comorbidities to assess its impact on hospitalization.
Results:
Overall, 420 patients (median age 70 years [interquartile range, 65-77]; men, 74.5%) who completed the 3-month follow-up period were analyzed. Coronary revascularization for > 1 year was the most common clinical scenario for CCS (59.8%; n = 251). The prevalence of non-frail, pre-frail, and frail patients were 22.4% (n = 94), 49.7% (n = 209), and 27.9% (n = 117), respectively. In the adjusted model, three factors associated with frailty were age ≥ 75 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39-3.75, P = 0.001), limitations in instrumental activity of daily living (OR 3.89, 95% CI 2.33-6.48, P < 0.001), and heart failure (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.32-4.02, P = 0.003). The overall 3-month hospitalization rate was higher in frail patients than in non-frail patients (23.9% vs 13.5%, P = 0.012). Frailty was associated with hospitalization (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.04-3.30, P = 0.037) but in a weak strength of association (r = 0.126).
Conclusion:
The prevalence of frailty was 27.9% in the elderly patients with CCS. Age ≥ 75 years, limitations in functional status, and heart failure were associated with increased odds of frailty. Frailty was a predictor of 3-month all-cause hospitalization in these patients.
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