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Updated: Jun 29, 2025
Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering
Published on: July 27, 2022
Biocompatible Composite Filaments Printable by Fused Deposition Modelling Technique: Selection of Tuning Parameters
Aura-Cătălina Mocanu1, Andreea-Elena Constantinescu1, Mădălina-Andreea Pandele2,3
1Department of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
Abstract:
The proposed strategy for the extrusion of printable composite filaments follows the favourable association of biogenic hydroxyapatite (HA) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) as reinforcement materials for a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix. HA particles were chosen in the <40 μm range, while GNP were selected in the micrometric range. During the melt-mixing incorporation into the PLA matrix, both reinforcement ratios were simultaneously modulated for the first time at different increments. Cylindrical composite pellets/test samples were obtained only for the mechanical and wettability behaviour evaluation. The Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy depicted two levels of overlapping structures due to the solid molecular bond between all materials. Scanning electron microscopy and surface wettability and mechanical evaluations vouched for the (1) uniform/homogenous dispersion/embedding of HA particles up to the highest HA/GNP ratio, (2) physical adhesion at the HA-PLA interface due to the HA particles' porosity, (3) HA-GNP bonding, and (4) PLA-GNP synergy based on GNP complete exfoliation and dispersion into the matrix.
