Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

47
Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
47
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

1.4K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.4K
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

480
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
480
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

239
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
239
Factorial Design02:01

Factorial Design

13.0K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Understanding Adults' Spatial Cognitive Processes: A Time-Embedded N-Grams Model with Machine Learning.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
Same author

Inhalable extracellular vesicle delivered IL-10 mRNA attenuates pulmonary hypertension in rats.

Journal of nanobiotechnology·2026
Same author

Uncovering the immune-related PCD genes in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps inflammatory progression: a machine learning and functional validation study.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2026
Same author

How does academia recognize the contribution of scientific data? Evidence from data contributors' authorship.

Scientific data·2025
Same author

Item Difficulty Modeling Using Fine-tuned Small and Large Language Models.

Educational and psychological measurement·2025
Same author

Oral Administration of Hydrolyzed Egg Yolk Peptides With Low Molecular Weight Increased Bone Density by Regulating Bone Metabolism and Immune Responses.

Journal of food science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

759

Explanatory Cognitive Diagnosis Models Incorporating Item Features.

Manqian Liao1, Hong Jiao2, Qiwei He3

  • 1Duolingo, Inc., 5900 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA.

Journal of Intelligence
|March 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces item explanatory cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) to improve item quality assessment. By linking item parameters to linguistic features, these models offer better insights for enhancing test items.

Keywords:
cognitive diagnosis modelexplanatory modelitem featureslinear logistic test modeltext mining

More Related Videos

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

3.9K
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

759
Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

3.9K
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Educational Measurement
  • Cognitive Diagnosis

Background:

  • Item quality is vital for accurate psychometric analyses in cognitive diagnosis.
  • Traditional cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) use item response data alone, complicating the identification and improvement of low-quality items.
  • Challenges include pinpointing issues like high guessing probabilities or difficulty in improving item quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose item explanatory CDMs that integrate item features with item parameters.
  • To leverage item features as an additional information source for calibrating CDM parameters.
  • To enhance the understanding and improvement of item quality in cognitive diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Developed item explanatory cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs).
  • Extracted approximately 20 linguistic features from item stems using natural language processing techniques.
  • Applied the models to Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data, analyzing relationships between item parameters and features using a higher-order DINA model.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the utility of item explanatory CDMs with real-world data.
  • Identified relationships between guessing/slipping parameters and specific item features.
  • A simulation study corroborated the findings from the empirical data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Item explanatory CDMs provide a valuable framework for understanding and improving item quality.
  • Integrating item features offers a richer approach to psychometric analysis than relying solely on response data.
  • This approach facilitates targeted item development and refinement for better diagnostic assessments.