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Yoga-Based Interventions in Low-Income Populations: A Scoping Review.

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Yoga interventions show promise for improving physical and mental health in low-income populations, with good recruitment and retention rates. Standardized reporting guidelines are needed to better capture socioeconomic diversity in yoga research.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Background:

  • Yoga's popularity is rising, yet practitioners are predominantly from higher socioeconomic statuses.
  • Access barriers like financial and logistical challenges limit yoga participation for low-income individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize literature on yoga interventions in low-income populations, assessing feasibility and acceptability.
  • To evaluate the consistency of reporting metrics for feasibility and acceptability using the CLARIFY guidelines.
  • To propose enhanced CLARIFY guidelines for reporting on diverse populations, adherence, and retention in yoga research.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar in May 2022.
  • Included studies focused on yoga interventions in predominantly low-income adult populations.
  • The CheckList Standardizing the Reporting of Interventions for Yoga (CLARIFY) guidelines were used as a framework.

Main Results:

  • Eleven studies met eligibility criteria, reporting positive effects of yoga on pain/disability, quality of life, and psychiatric symptoms.
  • Recruitment and retention were generally good, with high study completion rates.
  • Common facilitators included recruitment in medical settings, proximal locations, and cost mitigation; however, reporting on adherence, retention, and sociodemographics was inconsistent.

Conclusions:

  • Yoga may significantly benefit the physical and mental health of low-income individuals.
  • Facilitators like accessible locations and addressing barriers such as childcare are crucial for future research.
  • Enhanced reporting guidelines are recommended to improve the documentation of socioeconomic diversity, adherence, and retention in yoga studies.