Osteofibrous dysplasia: a narrative review

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Oncology
• Pathology
• Radiology

Background:

• Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is a rare, benign, self-limited bone disorder.
• It accounts for approximately 0.2% of primary bone tumors, typically found in the tibial mid-shaft.
• OFD can affect various skeletal sites and present with diverse symptoms, including asymptomatic findings, mass, pain, swelling, deformity, or pathological fracture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD).
• To enhance understanding of its epidemiology, clinical signs, pathogenesis, radiological and pathological features.
• To guide accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of OFD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing studies on Osteofibrous dysplasia.
• Analysis of clinical manifestations, diagnostic imaging, and histopathological findings.
• Discussion of differential diagnoses, particularly adamantinoma.

Main Results:

• Osteofibrous dysplasia shares similarities with adamantinoma, leading to potential misdiagnosis.
• Accurate diagnosis relies on comprehensive evaluation of clinical, radiological, and pathological data.
• Small biopsy samples can contribute to diagnostic errors.

Conclusions:

• Improved understanding of OFD's characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
• Distinguishing OFD from adamantinoma requires careful assessment.
• This review aims to improve clinical management of Osteofibrous dysplasia.