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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Xanthomonas Phage PBR31: Classifying the Unclassifiable.

Rashit I Tarakanov1, Peter V Evseev1,2,3, Ha T N Vo4

  • 1Department of Plant Protection, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya Str. 49, 127434 Moscow, Russia.

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|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers characterized Xanthomonas phage PBR31, a novel temperate bacteriophage infecting a plant pathogen. Genomic and bioinformatic analyses revealed unique features and potential for new taxonomic classification, despite evolutionary complexities.

Keywords:
Xanthomonas phage PBR31Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestrisbacteriophage taxonomyphage controltemperate phages

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Bacteriophages are researched for their antibacterial properties, with renewed interest due to rising antibiotic resistance.
  • Genomic analysis of bacteriophages is challenging due to horizontal gene transfer and complex evolutionary histories.
  • Temperate bacteriophages, capable of integrating into bacterial genomes, present unique evolutionary pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and classify the novel temperate bacteriophage Xanthomonas phage PBR31.
  • To analyze the genomic and biological features of Xanthomonas phage PBR31.
  • To assess the potential applications of Xanthomonas phage PBR31, particularly in combating bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing and analysis of Xanthomonas phage PBR31.
  • Phylogenetic studies to determine evolutionary relationships with other bacteriophages.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of PBR31 proteins, including identification of functional domains and enzyme families.
  • Comparative genomics to understand phage evolution and taxonomic placement.

Main Results:

  • Xanthomonas phage PBR31 is a novel temperate bacteriophage infecting Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.
  • Genomic and phylogenetic analyses show PBR31 is distinct from known bacteriophages, suggesting a new taxonomic taxon.
  • PBR31 possesses unique proteins, including a D-family DNA polymerase subunit homolog and advanced lysis machinery.
  • The phage's genome exhibits features indicative of horizontal gene transfer and complex evolutionary origins.

Conclusions:

  • Xanthomonas phage PBR31 represents a new phage taxon, though its classification is complicated by its genome's evolutionary history.
  • While its temperate nature raises questions about its use in phage therapy for bacterial control, PBR31 encodes cell wall-degrading enzymes with potential therapeutic applications.