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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

523
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment
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Neoadjuvant-Intent Immunotherapy in Advanced, Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Emily Y Kim1, Emily S Ruiz1,2,3, Mia S DeSimone1,3

  • 1Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck Surgery
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show clinical activity in advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), including in patients with comorbidities like lymphoma. Response rates were notable, with some patients opting out of surgery due to tumor regression.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Preoperative immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) demonstrate clinical activity in advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).
  • Previous clinical trials often excluded patients with significant comorbidities, limiting real-world applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess radiologic and pathologic response rates to neoadjuvant-intent programed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ICIs in a diverse clinical population.
  • To evaluate survival outcomes including recurrence-free, progression-free, disease-specific, and overall survival.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 27 patients with advanced cSCC treated with neoadjuvant cemiplimab or pembrolizumab between January 2018 and January 2023.
  • Median follow-up was 9.5 months, with assessment of radiologic and pathologic response rates, and survival endpoints.

Main Results:

  • An overall pathologic response rate of 47.4% and a radiologic response rate of 50.0% were observed.
  • Pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 36.8%. One-year survival rates were high: recurrence-free (90.9%), progression-free (83.3%), disease-specific (91.7%), and overall (84.6%).
  • Notably, 18.5% of patients declined surgery due to tumor response or stability.

Conclusions:

  • Neoadjuvant-intent immunotherapy for cSCC is reproducible in a clinical setting, even in patients with comorbidities such as a history of lymphoma.
  • The study highlights that in real-world practice, patients may forgo surgery for regressing tumors, and inclusion of higher-risk patients may influence response rates.