Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

4.1K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
4.1K
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

2.8K
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
2.8K
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

5.2K
Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
5.2K
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

4.8K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
4.8K
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

27.4K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
27.4K
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

2.7K
The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structural insights into the MLH1-FAN1 interaction reveal an uncharacterized binding interface on MLH1.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Structural insights into histone mimicry by the small hepatitis delta antigen.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same author

Migraine and Stroke Risk in Postmenopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Mediation Analysis of Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Association between Migraine and Stroke among Postmenopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative.

Neuroepidemiology·2026
Same author

Nonoperative management of patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis.

Seminars in vascular surgery·2026
Same author

CT Angiogram-Based Risk Stratification of Nonstenotic Carotid Plaques: An Important Step Forward.

Neurology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation
17:28

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

12.6K

Pluripotent stem cells for target organ developmental toxicity testing.

Xian Wu1,2, Yichang Chen1, Anna Kreutz1,3

  • 1Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.

Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
|March 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer advanced models for prenatal developmental toxicity testing. Innovations in 2D and 3D PSC models, including organoids, enhance human-relevant assessments and reduce reliance on animal testing.

Keywords:
developmental toxicologyorganoidpluripotent stem cellsscreening

More Related Videos

Protocol for the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mixed Cultures of Neurons and Glia for Neurotoxicity Testing
09:02

Protocol for the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mixed Cultures of Neurons and Glia for Neurotoxicity Testing

Published on: June 9, 2017

23.2K
Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations
05:49

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations

Published on: October 26, 2011

47.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation
17:28

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

12.6K
Protocol for the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mixed Cultures of Neurons and Glia for Neurotoxicity Testing
09:02

Protocol for the Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mixed Cultures of Neurons and Glia for Neurotoxicity Testing

Published on: June 9, 2017

23.2K
Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations
05:49

Robust Generation of Hepatocyte-like Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Populations

Published on: October 26, 2011

47.9K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental toxicology
  • Stem cell biology
  • Alternative testing methods

Background:

  • Prenatal developmental toxicity research traditionally relies on animal testing, raising ethical concerns and limiting human relevance.
  • Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are key to developing human-relevant in vitro models for studying embryonic and fetal development.
  • Existing 2D PSC models are reproducible but lack in vivo complexity, while 3D models like organoids offer greater complexity but are challenging to implement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in using human PSCs for developmental toxicology.
  • To explore emerging tools and methods that complement PSC models for assessing toxicity.
  • To highlight how these innovations support more predictive and regulatory-accepted developmental toxicity assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) differentiated into specific lineages (e.g., brain, heart).
  • Employing both 2D and 3D PSC models, including organoids, to mimic developmental complexity.
  • Integrating novel tools and techniques with PSC-based assays for enhanced analysis.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated progress in applying PSCs, particularly brain and heart organoids, to developmental toxicity studies.
  • Identified synergistic potential of combining PSC models with new approach methodologies (NAMs).
  • Showcased the development of more sophisticated and human-relevant models for toxicity screening.

Conclusions:

  • Human PSCs and advanced models like organoids are crucial for improving prenatal developmental toxicity assessment.
  • The integration of innovative techniques with PSC models offers a path toward more predictive and ethically sound testing strategies.
  • These advancements support regulatory decision-making by providing more relevant and reliable data on chemical and drug safety during development.