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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
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Enhanced contact flexibility from nanoparticles in capillary suspensions.

Lingyue Liu1, Jens Allard2, Erin Koos1

  • 1KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200J, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.

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|March 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adding nanoparticles to capillary suspensions tunes their properties for 3D printing. These particles modify liquid bridges and microparticle contacts, controlling yield stress and compressibility for advanced material applications.

Keywords:
Capillary suspensionsContact flexibilityContact line pinningHertzian contactNanoparticlesNetwork structureParticle gelsSuspension rheologyWetting

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Capillary suspensions utilize particle networks for structure and yield stress, crucial for 3D printing applications like ceramics and paints.
  • The incorporation of an immiscible secondary fluid creates capillary bridges between microparticles, influencing suspension properties.
  • Tuning these properties is essential for controlling material behavior during processing and application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how nanoparticles of varying hydrophobicities affect the structure of capillary bridges and microparticle contacts.
  • To determine the impact of these structural modifications on the tunable yield stress and shear moduli of capillary suspensions.
  • To assess the sensitivity of sample compressibility to nanoparticle addition and their influence on network structure.

Main Methods:

  • Confocal microscopy was employed to visualize nanoparticle positioning relative to microparticles and capillary bridges.
  • Nanoparticle hydrophobicity was systematically altered to observe effects on network structure and bridge formation.
  • Step-wise uniaxial compression tests were performed in situ during microscopy to monitor microparticle movement and structural evolution.

Main Results:

  • Nanoparticles were observed to induce thin liquid films on microparticle surfaces, reducing contact line pinning and facilitating liquid exchange.
  • Nanoparticles at contact points decreased Hertzian contact, promoting microparticle rearrangement.
  • These modifications led to enhanced microparticle mobility and a narrower distribution of capillary bridge sizes.

Conclusions:

  • The addition of nanoparticles offers a method to control and tune the rheological properties of capillary suspensions.
  • Nanoparticle-induced changes in liquid films and contact mechanics significantly impact network stability and deformability.
  • This research provides a pathway for optimizing capillary suspensions for advanced manufacturing processes requiring precise control over material properties.