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[Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study]

Lin Hou1, Zi-Jun Ma1, Shuang Chao

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|April 1, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Infant cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) risk factors include being the firstborn, spring or summer birth, and artificial feeding. A family history of allergies also significantly increases the risk for developing CMPA.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Allergy Immunology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common food allergy in infants.
  • Identifying risk factors for CMPA is crucial for prevention and early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors associated with the development of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants aged 0-12 months.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter prospective nested case-control study was conducted in Beijing, China.
  • Included 200 infants with CMPA and 799 control infants without CMPA.
  • Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Firstborn infants, spring or summer births, and mixed/artificial feeding were associated with increased CMPA risk.
  • Parental history of allergic diseases, especially both parents having allergies, significantly elevated the risk.
  • Preterm birth and low birth weight were identified as potential risk factors in univariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Key risk factors for infant CMPA include birth order, season of birth, feeding method, and parental allergy history.
  • These findings can inform targeted strategies for CMPA prevention and management.
  • Further research may explore the underlying mechanisms linking these factors to CMPA.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cow's milk protein allergyFood allergyInfantRisk factor

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