Draft genome sequence and tissue expression panel of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira)

Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) is an important fish in several countries. Notably, the catch of this fish has markedly decreased recently, which might be due to environmental changes, including feeding habitat changes. However, no clear correlation has been observed. Therefore, the physiological basis of Pacific saury in relation to possible environmental factors must be understood. We sequenced the genome of Pacific saury and extracted RNA from nine tissues (brain, eye, gill, anterior/posterior guts, kidney, liver, muscle, and ovary). In 1.09 Gb assembled genome sequences, a total of 26,775 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 26,241 genes were similar to known genes in a public database. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 24,254 genes were expressed in at least one of the nine tissues, and 7,495 were highly expressed in specific tissues. Based on the similarity of the expression profiles to those of model organisms, the transcriptome obtained was validated to reflect the characteristics of each tissue. Thus, the present genomic and transcriptomic data serve as useful resources for molecular studies on Pacific saury. In particular, we emphasize that the gene expression data, which serve as the tissue expression panel of this species, can be employed in comparative transcriptomics on marine environmental responses.