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Peripheral Refraction Using Ancillary Retinoscope Component (P-ARC)
Swapnil Thakur1, Rakesh Maldoddi1, Manogna Vangipuram2
1Myopia Research Lab - Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Purpose:
To assess the agreement of retinoscope-based peripheral refraction techniques with the criterion standard open-field autorefractor.
Methods:
Fifty young adults (mean age, 24 ± 3 years) participated in this study. Two masked, experienced senior examiners carried out central refraction and peripheral refraction at the temporal 22° (T22°) and nasal 22° (N22°) eccentricities. Peripheral refraction techniques were (a) peripheral refraction using ancillary retinoscope component (P-ARC), (b) retinoscopy with eye rotation, and (c) open-field autorefractor. Peripheral refraction with retinoscopy values was compared with an open-field autorefractor (Shinn Nippon NVision-K) to assess the agreement. All measurements were taken from the right eye under noncycloplegic conditions.
Results:
The mean difference ±95% limits of agreement of peripheral refraction values obtained using P-ARC from T22° (+0.11 diopters [D] ± 1.20 D; P = 0.20) or N22° (+0.13 D ± 1.16 D; P = 0.13) were comparable with open-field autorefractor. The eye rotation technique compared to autorefractor showed a significant difference for T22° (+0.30 D ± 1.26 D; P = 0.002); however, there was an agreement for N22° (+0.14 D ± 1.16 D; P = 0.10). With respect to the identification of peripheral refraction patterns, examiners were able to identify relative peripheral hyperopia in most of the participants (77%).
Conclusions:
Peripheral refraction with P-ARC was comparable with open-field autorefractor at T22° and N22° eccentricities. Peripheral retinoscopy techniques can be another approache for estimating and identifying peripheral refraction and its patterns in a regular clinical setting.
Translational Relevance:
Retinoscope with P-ARC has high potential to guide and enable eye care practitioners to perform peripheral refraction and identify peripheral refraction patterns for effective myopia management.
