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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
Published on: September 11, 2011
Extended just-noticeable difference for ultralow-luminance displays used in diagnostic imaging
Abstract:
This study investigates the just-noticeable difference (JND) in luminance below the 0.050c d/m 2 threshold not covered by the DICOM standard in medical imaging displays. A total of 21 healthy young adults were tested using an ultralow-luminance liquid crystal display at a viewing distance of 46 cm. The optotype featured a 4 cycle/deg rectangular wave-like stripe. The average percentage of correct responses for JND indices between -18 and 0 was 70.8%. Using the extended JND based on the Barten model that matches the current JND definition, we confirmed the JND at a very low luminance of 0.0500c d/m 2 or less. These findings suggest the feasibility of further refining the gradation differences in medical imaging displays.
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