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Aligning Horizon Scanning Approaches with Differing Needs and Topics at the Science-Policy Interface on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution.

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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Investigating Long-Distance Transport of Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Wheat via a Split-Root Exposure Technique
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PFAS Contamination in Europe: Generating Knowledge and Mapping Known and Likely Contamination with "Expert-Reviewed"

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The Forever Pollution Project mapped European per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination, identifying over 22,000 known and presumptive sites. This collaborative journalism effort highlights significant data gaps and the need for transparency in PFAS pollution.

Keywords:
EuropePFAS contaminationPFAS testing and investigationexpert-reviewed journalismknown PFAS usersper- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Investigative Journalism
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose a global environmental contamination challenge.
  • Publicly available data on PFAS contamination in Europe was notably scarce.
  • Previous research efforts were limited by data accessibility and scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive map of PFAS contamination sites across Europe.
  • To leverage expert-reviewed journalism and scientific methods for data collection.
  • To make previously inaccessible PFAS contamination data publicly available.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a cross-border collaborative project involving journalists and scientific advisors.
  • Utilized investigative journalism techniques, including open-source intelligence (OSINT) and freedom of information (FOI) requests.
  • Combined scientific methods with journalistic investigation to identify and map contamination.

Main Results:

  • Identified 22,934 known PFAS contamination sites, including manufacturing facilities.
  • Cataloged 21,426 presumptive contamination sites, linked to AFFF, industrial facilities, and waste.
  • Discovered 231 "known PFAS users" indicating likely contamination sources.
  • Revealed significant underestimation of contamination due to data limitations.

Conclusions:

  • The Forever Pollution Project successfully mapped extensive PFAS contamination across Europe.
  • Expert-reviewed journalism is an effective model for producing and disseminating environmental data.
  • Greater data transparency and comprehensive geolocation are crucial for understanding and addressing PFAS pollution.